Cadmium: Classification and Overview
Cadmium is a chemical element classified as a metal. It holds the atomic number 48 and is positioned in Group 12 of the periodic table, alongside zinc and mercury. Globally, cadmium is frequently found associated with zinc ores and is often recovered as a byproduct during the mining and processing of these ores, with significant operations in various countries worldwide, including Canada, Australia, and China.
Intrinsic Physical Properties
Appearance and Texture
At standard conditions, cadmium presents as a soft, bluish-white or silvery-white metal. Its surface possesses a lustrous quality when freshly cut. The metal is notably malleable, meaning it can be hammered into thin sheets, and ductile, allowing it to be drawn into wires. Its texture is generally smooth to the touch.
State at Ambient Conditions
Cadmium exists as a solid at room temperature (approximately 20-25°C).
Thermal Characteristics
The melting point of cadmium is 321.07 °C. This relatively low melting point for a metal contributes to its historical use in certain low-melting-point alloys, such as those found in specific soldering applications and fire protection systems globally. The boiling point of cadmium is 767 °C.