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14 Si
Element Revision Sheet

Silicon (Si)

Metalloids Block P Group 14 • Period 3
Superhero Identity

"Silicon, the Digital Architect! This element is the quiet powerhouse behind every screen you touch, building the invisible cities of information one tiny circuit at a time."

A memorable persona to anchor Si in your mind.

Density

2.329

Grams per cm³

Melting Point

1414

Celsius (°C)

Atomic Radius

210

Radius (pm)

Everyday Connection

Daily Life Link

The foundational brain of your smartphone, laptop, and literally the sand at your favorite beach!

Discovery & History

Year Discovered

1824

Discovered By

Jöns Jacob Berzelius

Origin of Name

"The name is derived from the Latin 'silex' or 'silicis', meaning flint."

Technical Properties

Atomic Mass

28.085 u

Standard State

solid

Boiling Point

3265°C

Electron Configuration

[Ne] 3s23p2

1st Ionization Energy

8.152 eV

Electron Affinity

N/A

Oxidation States

[+4 +2 -4]
Appearance

"Looks like a shiny, dark grey crystal, often reflecting light with a metallic gleam, but it’s more rockstar than rock."

Did You Know?

1

Silicon is the *second most abundant* element in Earth's crust, right after oxygen! Talk about being a fundamental building block of our planet.

2

It's a metalloid, meaning it can sometimes act like a metal and sometimes like a nonmetal. This chameleon-like behavior is EXACTLY what makes it perfect for electronics!

3

Without high-purity silicon, there would be no microchips, no computers, no smartphones, and no internet as we know it. It's the silent hero of the digital age!

4

That sparkling window, your drinking glass, even the fiber optics carrying your internet – all are made primarily from silicon dioxide, commonly known as silica or sand!

Ready to Test Your Knowledge?