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32 Ge
Element Revision Sheet

Germanium (Ge)

Metalloids Block P Group 14 • Period 4
Superhero Identity

"The Silent Conductor, Germanium channels the flow of information through the digital world, making sure your devices hum with quiet efficiency and blazing speed."

A memorable persona to anchor Ge in your mind.

Density

5.323

Grams per cm³

Melting Point

938.25

Celsius (°C)

Atomic Radius

211

Radius (pm)

Everyday Connection

Daily Life Link

It's secretly boosting the internet speeds zipping to your device right now!

Discovery & History

Year Discovered

1886

Discovered By

Clemens Winkler

Origin of Name

"The name is derived from the Latin name for Germany, ''Germania''."

Technical Properties

Atomic Mass

72.63 u

Standard State

solid

Boiling Point

2833°C

Electron Configuration

[Ar] 3d104s24p2

1st Ionization Energy

7.9 eV

Electron Affinity

N/A

Oxidation States

[+4 +2]
Appearance

"A shimmering, steely gray metalloid, it looks a bit like a piece of polished space rock."

Did You Know?

1

Before it was even found, Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev predicted its existence and properties in 1869, calling it 'eka-silicon'! He was spot on.

2

Discovered in 1886 by Clemens Winkler in Germany, this element was proudly named 'Germanium' after his home country. Talk about national pride!

3

Germanium is a metalloid, meaning it's a bit of a chameleon, showing off properties of both metals (like electrical conductivity) and nonmetals (like brittleness).

4

It was the material of choice for the *very first* high-speed transistors, kickstarting the electronic revolution before silicon eventually took the crown for most uses.

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