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31 Ga
Element Revision Sheet

Gallium (Ga)

Post-transition Metals Block P Group 13 • Period 4
Superhero Identity

"The 'Melt-in-Your-Hand' Maestro, Gallium effortlessly transforms from solid to liquid, proving that even the toughest exteriors can have a secret soft spot. But don't let its gentle touch fool you; it's a high-tech hero powering our digital world!"

A memorable persona to anchor Ga in your mind.

Density

5.91

Grams per cm³

Melting Point

29.7646

Celsius (°C)

Atomic Radius

187

Radius (pm)

Everyday Connection

Daily Life Link

Think of those super-bright LED lights or the 'liquid metal' in some sci-fi movies – Gallium is often behind the magic!

Discovery & History

Year Discovered

1875

Discovered By

Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran

Origin of Name

"The name is derived from the Latin name for France, ''Gallia''"

Technical Properties

Atomic Mass

69.723 u

Standard State

solid

Boiling Point

2229°C

Electron Configuration

[Ar] 3d104s24p1

1st Ionization Energy

5.999 eV

Electron Affinity

N/A

Oxidation States

[+3]
Appearance

"A shiny, silvery-white metal that literally melts in the palm of your hand, turning into a liquid mirror."

Did You Know?

1

Hold it in your hand, and poof! Gallium melts at just 29.76 °C (85.57 °F), turning into a silvery liquid right in your palm – cooler than a magic trick!

2

But don't call it 'liquid metal' all the time! At room temperature, it's a solid, shiny, silvery-white metal that looks totally normal.

3

It's a glass-wetter! Unlike mercury, which beads up, liquid Gallium loves to stick to and 'wet' glass, leaving behind a shiny, mirror-like film.

4

Superstar in your tech: Gallium is critical for Gallium Nitride (GaN), which powers the vibrant blue and white LEDs in your phone, screens, and even Blu-ray players!

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